Roleplayer #21, August 1990
Sleep
Advanced Rules for Fatigue and Recovery
By Richard LeDuc
A typical human spends a third of his life asleep. The nature and quality
of this time can have a dramatic impact on our waking hours. Because adventurers
often find themselves unable to meet their sleep needs, the following guidelines
are presented to help GMs deal with the effects of sleep in their GURPS
game.
Properly motivated, a healthy person can remain awake and functioning for
many hours, but it will become harder and harder to resist falling asleep.
An adventurer who fails to get enough sleep each day will first feel Fatigued.
Then a loss of mental and physical acuity will occur. When sleep is finally
possible, the tired individual will need a few extra hours of rest to recover
fully.
Staying Up Late
Each individual needs a certain amount of sleep per day -- typically 8 hours.
Older people need less sleep; typically, someone from 35 to 50 will need
7 hours sleep, and someone over 50 will need 6 hours sleep.
Young people, on the other hand, need more sleep. Children under 6 should
sleep 10 hours per day; those from 6 to 14 typically need 9 hours each day.
Subtracting the person's sleep requirement from 24 will give their normal
day length (usually 16 hours). After staying awake longer then his normal
day an adventurer will lose one point of Fatigue. Each additional eight
hours of wakefulness will cost one more Fatigue point. After an individual
loses half his Fatigue (rounded down), he will start to lose one Fatigue
point every four hours. These losses can only be recovered with
sleep.
The sleepless person will also lose one point of IQ and DX with each lost
Fatigue point. The losses will be reflected in lower skill levels. A person
who has lost enough sleep can appear drunk, staggering and slurring his
words. Should a character's ST or IQ reach zero, he will pass out from exhaustion.
For the first day-length (typically 16 hours) after the character's normal
day, he can remain awake as long as he is occupied. This means performing
some skill or action that requires concentration or movement -- e.g., driving
a car or playing a game. In order to remain awake while not doing anything
even remotely exciting, a Will roll is required. At this stage, one Will
roll is needed for each two full hours of inaction. This would include boring,
uneventful tasks, like standing watch in a deserted area.
After 16 hours it starts to become harder to stay awake. From now on the
characters will need to make a Will roll every two hours that they are occupied.
A character who is doing nothing must make a Will roll every 30 minutes.
Getting Up Early
Not only will characters stay up late, they will often find themselves getting
up early. Getting up early carries penalties as outlined in the table below.
Factors that influence the quality of sleep will have the same effect as
not getting enough hours of sleep. Sleeping all night in an uncomfortable
place might be the same as waking up two hours early, as would waking up
several times in the night. Spending the entire night in the rain, or with
a loud party going on next door, can be considered equivalent to waking
up four hours early.
Adrenaline
Adrenaline is the body's way of responding to life or death situations.
This powerful hormone is dumped into the blood when we are frightened. When
someone is threatened with grievous physical harm, they can try to throw
off the effects of staying up. Any penalties to DX and IQ are temporarily
removed for a character who makes a Will roll on the second turn of the
threatening situation; the penalties may be ignored until the life-threatening
situation ends, or for 15 minutes, whichever is less.
If the emergency situation is still going on after 15 minutes, a new Will
roll is required; roll again each 15 minutes. If and when a roll is failed.
all the original penalties are felt, plus one additional Fatigue point.
Meditation
The effects of lack of sleep can be put off for one hour by a successful
meditation roll. There is a penalty of -1 to this roll for each
three hours that the character is up past their normal day length. There
is an additional penalty of -5 if the meditator performs any action other
then standing alert or sitting in quiet contemplation. A character can continue
to put off sleep this way until a meditation roll is missed; then he will
feel the full effect of his lack of sleep, and may not make further attempts
to meditate until he is caught up on sleep. A critical failure on a meditation
attempt will cause immediate sleep!
Recovery
Characters who go to sleep regain Fatigue at the normal rate. Lost attribute
points will be restored at one point per hour. The hours used to recover
from staying up do not count towards the next day's minimum sleep required.
Therefore, staying up will require the adventurer to take an extra hour
or two of sleep.
New Advantages
These advantages should be used only if the above rules for sleep and sleeplessness
are used.
Deep Sleeper . . . . . 5 points
You can quickly fall asleep in all but the worst conditions, and continue
sleeping through most disturbances. You always wake up in the morning feeling
great. Deep sleepers never suffer any ill effects due to the quality of
their sleep. An IQ roll would have to be missed for a disturbance to wake
a deep sleeper. But some deep sleepers are conditioned to wake to a single
soft noise. Witness the adventurer that sleeps through a firefight in his
apartment only to wake to his wrist watch alarm. A deep sleeper can choose
one regularly recurring event that she will wake to. This might include
the family rooster, a particular alarm clock or even sun rise. In the absence
of this cue, or any other disturbance the deep sleeper will sleep a full
night's sleep.
A deep sleeper who also has Combat Reflexes will awake to any unfamiliar
sound, but will easily get back to sleep if it was a "false alarm."
Less Sleep . . . . . 3 points/level
You need less sleep than most people. Each level of this advantage lets
a character get by with one hour less sleep per night. This will allow a
few extra hours each day in which they can study, or work on other projects.
A character can have a maximum of five levels of Less Sleep. Cost: 3 points
per hour less.
New Disadvantages
Light Sleeper . . . . . -5 points
You do not tend to sleep as soundly, or as easily, as normal people do.
When you are sleeping in an uncomfortable place, or if there is more then
the slightest noise, a Will roll is required in order to fall asleep. If
the roll is failed another attempt can be made after an hour of trying to
fall asleep. Light sleepers usually wake up if there is activity going on
around them. The GM should require a Will roll, minus any Alertness,
in order for the light sleeper to continue sleeping when people are moving
around them. In some cases this can actually be to the character's advantage,
but usually the character will be waking up each time an inconsiderate companion
changes the watch, or comes home from a night on the town. Light sleepers
will often suffer temporary penalties due to the quality of their sleep.
Extra Sleep . . . . . -3 points/level
You need more sleep than most people: one additional hour per day per level
of this disadvantage. Thus, you must go to bed early, or sleep in, for a
few hours each day. The GM should remember that these characters have less
time each day to work on their projects or to study.
A character can take a maximum of four levels of extra sleep.
Insomniac . . . . . -10 or -15 points
You go through periods where falling asleep is very difficult. Each night
during an insomnia episode the character must make a Will roll. If they
succeed, they fall asleep easily, and this episode is over. If they miss
the roll they lose two hours of sleep that night, and the episode will continue
another night. On a critical failure, the victim gets no sleep that night.
Once an episode ends, the GM secretly rolls 3d to determine how many days
until the start of the next episode (at the -15 point level, he rolls 2d-1).
However, whenever the insomniac suffers prolonged stress, the GM can require
a Will roll; a failure means an episode starts immediately. (Ever since
we entered the Dark Lord's realm, Galgar has been having trouble sleeping.)
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